Deprecated: preg_match(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($subject) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/lbfactory/LBFactory.php on line 697
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/IResultWrapper.php on line 70
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/IResultWrapper.php on line 80
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/IResultWrapper.php on line 75
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\ResultWrapper::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/ResultWrapper.php on line 116
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\ResultWrapper::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/ResultWrapper.php on line 89
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::open($save_path, $session_name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 180
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 195
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::read($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 209
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::write($id, $dataStr) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 237
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::destroy($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 343
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 364
Deprecated: MapCacheLRU implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/MapCacheLRU.php on line 37
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 625
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 631
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 643
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 637
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 655
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 649
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 665
Deprecated: Return type of & MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 678
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 688
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 693
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Message implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/Message.php on line 160
Deprecated: RawMessage implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/RawMessage.php on line 34
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property RequestContext::$recursion is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/context/RequestContext.php on line 328
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Parser::$mPreprocessorClass is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/parser/Parser.php on line 314
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Parser::$extCite is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/extensions/Cite/includes/Cite.php on line 1293
Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property PPDStack::$accum is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/parser/Preprocessor_DOM.php on line 847
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/Feed.php on line 294
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/Feed.php on line 300
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/WebResponse.php on line 72
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/WebResponse.php on line 72
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/WebResponse.php on line 72
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/WebResponse.php on line 72
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618 https://xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82Умеренный климат - История изменений2026-09-20T22:24:37ZИстория изменений этой страницы в викиMediaWiki 1.33.0 Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
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<td colspan="1" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Версия 12:06, 3 октября 2025</td>
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<p><b>Новая страница</b></p><div>'''Умеренный климат''', или ''климат умеренных широт'', характерен для умеренного географического пояса преимущественно [[Северное полушарие|Северного полушария]], между 40 и 65 °с. ш. и 42 и 58 °ю. ш. В Северном полушарии свыше 1/2 поверхности умеренного пояса занимает суша, в южном — 98 % территории покрыто морем. Умеренному климату присущи частые и сильные изменения ''давления'' и ''температуры'' воздуха и направления ветра, происходящие из-за интенсивной деятельности циклонов.<br />
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Наиболее типичный зональный климат в Восточной и Центральной Европе называется '''умеренно-континентальным''' (см ниже).<br />
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== Умеренный климат и смежные с ним типы ==<br />
Как такового «умеренного климата» не существует, есть климат(ы) Умеренного пояса, включающего в себя огромные территории в Евразии от Ирландии до Киргизии и от Киргизии до Камчатки, в Северной Америке – широкую полосу от Британской Колумбии до Новой Англии и Квебека, в Южной Америке – юг Чили и Аргентины.<br />
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Под умеренным климатом в обывательском понимании разумеется морской климат Западной Европы и умеренно-континентальный климат Центральной и Восточной Европы.<br />
В отношении соседнего средиземноморского климата граница проводится по двум параметрам:<br />
* 1. средняя температура самого теплого месяца больше 22* C.<br />
* 2. и при этом одновременно средняя температура самого холодного месяца больше 0*С.<br />
Климат, удовлетворяющий этим двум условиям, считается средиземноморским, а не «умеренным». <br />
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Также близким к средиземноморскому является климат с сухим летом, средней температурой самого теплого летнего месяца ниже 22*С, но положительными зимними температурами. От умеренно-континентального климата Восточной Европы он отличается плюс-минус всем, а вот от морского климата Западной Европы отличие всего одно, но ключевое – неравномерность распределения осадков (сухое лето, но дождливая зима).<br />
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Прямого соприкосновения с климатами низких широт у Средиземноморья нет, поэтому верхнее условие (что самый холодный месяц не должен быть теплее 18*С) выполняется всегда. Ограничитель с юга у Средиземноморья другой – пустыня. И критерий для её выделения не температурный, а основанный на испаряемости воды. Если потенциально испаряется в 2 раза больше воды, чем проливается в виде осадков, – то перед нами пустыня. Если осадков меньше, чем хитро высчитанный коэффициент, но всё-таки не в 2 раза, - то перед нами семи-аридная зона (называемая в зависимости от контекста полупустыней, пустынной степью и т.д.). Если в семи-аридной зоне средняя годовая температура ниже 18*С и поблизости есть Средиземное море – это такая себе специфическая разновидность Средиземноморья (Центральная и Восточная Испания, горы в Северном Алжире, часть внутренней Турции, район от Алушты до Судака, отдельные местности в Леванте). Если Средиземного моря нет, а признаки есть – это внутриконтинентальная разновидность того же климата, просто не называющаяся средиземноморской (это характерно, например, для Азербайджана и низовий Терека).<br />
А вот если в семи-аридной зоне среднегодовая температура выше 18*С – это жаркая полупустыня (такие есть в Марокко и ливийской Киренаике, такова же северная окраина Сирийской пустыни). <br />
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'''Таким образом,'''<br />
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:'''«умеренный климат»''' - это, в большинстве случаев, климат с нежарким летом (не жарче 22*С в среднем за самый теплый месяц), а если и с жарким летом – то обязательно с холодной зимой (в этом случае есть месяц с отрицательными средними температурами).<br />
:'''средиземноморский климат''' – это в большинстве случае климат с жарким летом (жарче 22* за самый теплый месяц), но не очень теплой зимой (самый холодный месяц с температурами >0*C, но не слишком высокими, потому что это приведет к повышению среднегодовой выше «пустынного» порога), а если лето всё-таки не жаркое (меньше 22*С в самом теплом месяце), то оно обязательно суше зимы. Средиземноморский климат может иметь черты семиаридности - полузасушливости (как в Испании), а может их не иметь.<br />
:'''пустынный климат''' – это аридный или семиаридный климат со среднегодовыми температурами выше 18*С (для окрестностей Средиземноморья), и иногда ниже 18*С, но с экстремально низким числом осадков (для внутренних районов Евразии). Этот климат может существовать в рамках Умеренного пояса (Средняя Азия), Субтропического пояса (Иран и Пакистан), Тропического пояса (Сахара, Сахель и многие другие пустыни и полупустыни).<br />
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На севере ''умеренно-континентальный климат'' соседствует с субарктическим климатом, их граница проходит по границе тундры с лесотундрой (соответственно ориентир – растительность). К северу от зоны ''умеренного морского климата Западной Европы'' находится Скандинавия с её климатическими контрастами, тут есть и черты холодного морского климата, и умеренно-континентального (с его смешанными лесами на юге и тайгой чуть севернее), и высотная поясность Скандинавских гор и участки субарктического климата.<br />
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== Общие черты ==<br />
Главной особенностью умеренного климата является наличие четырёх сезонов: двух основных — холодного (зима) и тёплого (лето) и двух промежуточных — весна и осень. Средняя температура самого холодного месяца должна быть как правило ниже 0, самого тёплого — выше +15. Зимой в умеренном климате должен быть постоянный снежный покров, а летом — максимум осадков. Умеренный климат бывает самым разным по свойствам зимы и лета, но обычно умеренный климат делят на морской (иногда "умеренный морской климат"), [[умеренно-континентальный климат]], резко континентальный климат и муссонный климат.<br />
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{{meteo-stub}}<br />
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{{Классификация типов климата по Алисову}}<br />
{{Словарь}}<br />
[[Крымология-2023]]<br />
[[Категория:23-крымология-разное]]</div>ru>А.Крымов Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618