Deprecated: preg_match(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($subject) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/lbfactory/LBFactory.php on line 697
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/IResultWrapper.php on line 70
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/IResultWrapper.php on line 80
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/IResultWrapper.php on line 75
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\ResultWrapper::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/ResultWrapper.php on line 116
Deprecated: Return type of Wikimedia\Rdbms\ResultWrapper::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/resultwrapper/ResultWrapper.php on line 89
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::open($save_path, $session_name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 180
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 195
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::read($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 209
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::write($id, $dataStr) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 237
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::destroy($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 343
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 364
Deprecated: MapCacheLRU implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/MapCacheLRU.php on line 37
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 625
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 631
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 643
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 637
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 655
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 649
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 665
Deprecated: Return type of & MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 678
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 688
Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/Session.php on line 693
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Message implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/Message.php on line 160
Deprecated: RawMessage implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/RawMessage.php on line 34
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property RequestContext::$recursion is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/context/RequestContext.php on line 328
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Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Parser::$mPreprocessorClass is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/parser/Parser.php on line 314
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Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Parser::$extCite is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/extensions/Cite/includes/Cite.php on line 1293
Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property PPDStack::$accum is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/parser/Preprocessor_DOM.php on line 847
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/Feed.php on line 294
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Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/WebResponse.php on line 72
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Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/WebResponse.php on line 72
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php:34) in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/WebResponse.php on line 72
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618 https://xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B0Куль-Оба - История изменений2026-09-20T18:40:41ZИстория изменений этой страницы в викиMediaWiki 1.33.0 Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
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Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618 https://xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B0&diff=119&oldid=prevОктябрьСтарое: 1 версия импортирована2025-10-03T11:20:11Z<p>1 версия импортирована</p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
<tr class="diff-title" lang="ru">
<td colspan="1" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Предыдущая</td>
<td colspan="1" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Версия 11:20, 3 октября 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-notice" lang="ru"><div class="mw-diff-empty">(нет различий)</div>
</td></tr></table>ОктябрьСтарое Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /home/h184173/data/www/xn--c1akeeembm3hzb.xn--p1ai/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php on line 618
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<p><b>Новая страница</b></p><div>[[Файл:Куль-Оба.jpg|thumb|left|200px|<ref>Сетевой ресурс: rec.gerodot.ru/kul-oba/img/kul-oba01.jpg</ref>]]'''Куль-Оба''' – знаменитая гробница скифского времени в [[Крым]]у. Открыта в окрестностях Керчи в 1830 г при добыче камня. Работами по раскопкам гробницы руководил керченский градоначальник [[И.А. Стемпковский]], описание находок и чертежи составлены Полем Дебрюксом (Paul de Brux) – керченским энтузиастом-археологом. Находки из гробницы впоследствии поступили в Эрмитаж. <br />
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== Описание ==<br />
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Курган, сложенный из плит известняка, достигал 10 м. высоты. Погребение находилось в склепе из тесаного камня размерами 4,3 X 4 м, со ступенчатым сво¬дом высотой 5 м.. <br />
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В гробнице, оказавшейся не разграбленной, обнаружены погребения знатных мужчины и женщины и сопровождавшего их слуги. <br />
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Поребенный - знатный мужчина 35-40 лет находился в деревянном саркофаге в восточной части гробницы. На его голову был надет войлочный остроконечный башлык, расшитый золотыми бляшками, на шее — золотая витая гривна, заканчивающаяся скульптурными фигурками конных скифов; на руках и ногах - золотые браслеты великолепной работы. Одежда также была расшита множеством золотых тисненых бляшек. Среди этих блях имеются изображения стоящего воина с горитом у пояса и чашей в руке; сцена братания двух скифов, пьющих из од¬ного ритона, иллюстрирующая обычай «побратимства»; состязание двух скифов в стрельбе из лука; бляшки с изобра¬жением конного скифа, поражающего дротиком зайца; конного скифа, мечущего копье. Эти изображения дают представление об облике, одежде, вооружении и обычаях скифов<br />
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Богатой отделкой отличалось оружие: рукояти и ножны мечей украшены изображениями борющихся зверей и фантастических животных; кожаная нагайка оплетена золотой лентой, точильный оселок с золотой отделкой, позолоченные поножи. Рядом с оружием обнаружена массивная золотая фиала, украшенная многократно повторяющимися масками Медузы Горгоны и бородатой мужской головы в остроконечной шапке.<br />
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Рядом находилось погребение знатной женщины в саркофаге из кипариса. Саркофаг был расписан и отделан пла¬стинами слоновой кости, на которых изображены сцены из древнегрече¬ских мифов и жизни скифов. Голову погребенной украшала электровая диадема, одежда была расшита золотыми бляшками с изображением скифянок в вакхической пляске; скифской змееногой богини, держащей в руках от¬рубленную бородатую голову и пр.. <br />
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В комплекс украшений входили две пары золотых подвесок тончайшей работы: на одной паре изображена голова Афины в шлеме, прототипом которой является статуя работы Фидия из Парфенона. Другая пара серег так называемого «роскошного стиля» имеет мельчайшие изображения четырех нереид верхом на дельфинах, которые по просьбе Фетиды, приносят Ахиллу оружие, выкованное для него Ге¬фестом – щит, шлем, поножи и панцирь. <br />
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Шею погребенной украшала золотая гривна с концами в виде львов и ожерелье с амфоровидными подвесками. На руках — широкие золотые браслеты. За головой лежали шесть ножей и бронзовое зеркало с руч¬кой, отделанной золотом. В состав инвентаря входило веретено из слоновой кости. В ногах находился золотой кубок со сценами из жизни скифов. На нем мастер изобразил двух скифов, которые, опершись на копья, беседуют; в следующей сцене изображен скиф, натягивающий лук; третья картина изображает скифа лечащего зуб своему товарищу, а на четвертой – скиф бинтует ногу больному скифу. Некоторые исследователи предполагают, что сцены изображенные на сосуде из Куль-Обы являются иллюстрацией к скифской мифологии, в частности к сюжету записанному Геродотом (IV, 8-10) о происхождении скифов и скифских царей..<br />
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За саркофагами у южной стенки гробницы обнаружен скелет слуги. За его головой в углублении находились кости лошади, греческий шлем и поножи. Вдоль стен стояли два серебряных позолоченных таза и большое серебряное блюдо, а в них набор серебряных сосудов: двух кубков (один украшен чеканным позолоченным изображением львов, терзающих оленей; другой - изображением диких гусей, ловящих рыбу), двух ритонов и килика. Здесь же обнаружены два больших бронзовых котла и четыре глиня¬ных амфоры.<br />
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В период исследования гробницы ночью в нее проникли грабители. Они взломали плиты пола и под одной из них обнаружили и расхитили тайник. Одной из немногих вещей, которую удалось спасти от переплавки, оказалась золотая пластина в виде фигуры оленя (очевидно, украшение щита), покрытая изображениями грифонов, львов и горного козла. <br />
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Датируется Куль-Оба второй половиной IV в. до н. э. Несомненно, погребенный здесь воин принадлежал к числу высших представителей скифской знати (скорее всего, номарх), тесно связанных с [[Боспор]]ом. Об этом свидетельствует то, что погребение совершенно в каменном склепе, что не характерно для степных [[скифы|скифов]], а также большое количество и изысканность художественных изделий из золота и серебра, выполненных греческими ювелирами и торевтами в мастерских Боспора. На ножнах меча выгравировано имя греческого мастера; греческая надпись имеется и на золотой пластине в виде оленя. <br />
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== Литература ==<br />
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Древности Боспора Киммерийского, Спб, 1858 .<br />
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Брашинский И.Б. Сокровища скифских царей. М., 1967.<br />
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Артамонов М.И. Сокровища скифских курганов в собрании Государственного Эрмитажа. Прага-Ленинград, 1966. <br />
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B.Piotrovsky, L. Galanina, N. Grach. Skythian art. Leningrad, 1986.<br />
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Williams D., Ogden J. Greek gold. Jewelry of the Classical World. N-Y: Harry N. Abrams, INC., Publishers The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994, pp.136-151.<br />
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